When a damaged tooth can no longer be saved with a filling, crown, or root canal treatment, the dentist may recommend a tooth extraction. Tooth extraction is the procedure of having a tooth removed from its socket in the mouth. This procedure can be done by a general dentist or an oral surgeon depending on the type of extraction.

Types of Tooth Extraction

There are two types of extractions:

1. Simple Extraction

A simple tooth extraction as the name suggests is a simple procedure to remove a tooth that is easily accessible and visible above the gum-line in the mouth.

2. Surgical Extraction

A surgical tooth extraction is a slightly more complex procedure which requires a small cut to be made in the gum tissue to access the tooth. It may be done under local anesthesia, with sedation, or in some cases, general anesthesia depending on the case.

When Does One Need a Tooth Extraction?

Tooth removal is usually considered only when necessary. Some common reasons include:

• Dental Caries – Severe Tooth Decay or Infection that cannot be treated with a dental filling, crown or root canal work.
• Broken teeth – Injury or trauma that has led to a broken or damaged tooth that is beyond repair.
• Severe gum disease – A dental or gum infection that has weakened the root of the tooth.
• Supernumerary teeth – Extra or Crowded Teeth (supernumerary teeth) causing misalignment.
• Impacted teeth – Impaction of teeth (most commonly of the wisdom teeth) that has led to failure of the tooth to emerge from the gum.
• Orthodontic treatment – In order to attain proper teeth alignment, tooth/teeth may be extracted in order to create more space.
• Pre-prosthetic extractions – Extraction of some teeth can be considered if it contributes to a better-fitting prosthesis like dentures or bridges.

The Tooth Extraction Process

1. Preparation

Removal of the tooth or teeth may require one or more visits to the dentist. Before the procedure, a  thorough consultation is conducted by the dentist.

• Complete review of patient’s medical history and medications (especially blood thinners or conditions like diabetes, hypertension, etc.).
• Taking X-rays to assess the tooth and surrounding bone.
• A clear diagnosis should be in place before considering extraction.
• All possible risks such as bleeding, swelling, infection, or damage to nearby teeth (though rare) will be discussed.

2. During the Extraction

• Simple Extraction: Firstly, a local anesthetic is injected into the gum to numb the area. The dentist will apply some pressure to loosen and remove the tooth. The patient will not feel pain because of the anesthetic effect.
• Surgical Extraction: This again requires injecting a local anesthetic or sedation/general anesthesia. The dentist will make a small incision in the gum to access the tooth. The tooth may be broken into smaller pieces for easier removal.

3. After the Extraction

• A cotton pad will be placed at the extraction site to control the bleeding and in some cases stitches may be required to close the gum tissue.
• Pain relievers like ibuprofen or paracetamol are typically prescribed to manage pain.
• Antibiotics might be prescribed if there’s a risk of infection.

Aftercare and Recovery

A week or two is required to recover completely. The following tips will ensure smooth healing –

• Avoid rinsing the mouth for the first 6 hours. After that, warm salt water should be used for rinsing.
• Eat soft foods until the area heals.
• Avoid smoking, alcohol and using a straw.
• Take prescribed medicines as directed.
• Brush carefully, avoiding the extraction site until it completely heals.
• In case of severe pain, swelling, or prolonged bleeding, contact the dentist immediately.

Though the process of tooth extraction may sound overwhelming, we assure you that with our expertise we will keep you well informed and take utmost care to make the procedure smooth and comfortable.

Common FAQ’s

1. Will there be pain during the procedure?

No. The administration of a local anesthetic before the procedure ensures that the area surrounding the tooth is numb and there is no pain during the extraction.

2. Will there be bleeding during the procedure?

Yes, it is normal to expect a small amount of bleeding after the tooth extraction. A small wad of cotton gauze will be placed at the site and applying gentle pressure will help in clotting the blood and stop the bleeding. It’s important not to rinse the mouth immediately as this may dislodge the blood clot.

3. What should I expect after the tooth extraction?

There will be some discomfort and swelling after  the procedure. Take proper rest and do not do any strenuous activities. Try to keep your head higher for the first night using an extra pillow if possible. To reduce the swelling, apply an ice pack on the outer jaw for short intervals for the first 24 hours after the extraction. The prescribed course of pain relievers should be taken as indicated.

4. What diet should I follow after the tooth extraction?

Soft or liquid foods such as yogurt, scrambled eggs, mashed potatoes, rice, pureed foods or smoothies (without a straw).

5. Will I be able to drive after the tooth extraction?

After receiving anesthesia, it will not be safe for the patient to drive home. Therefore, be sure to bring a friend or relative to the appointment so they can take you home.

6. Will I need to visit the dentist again?

If the extraction has been complex and required sutures, then a follow up with the dentist is required for removal of sutures and check if the area is healing well. Also, it is not advisable to leave unfilled gaps in the mouth after extraction as the surrounding teeth may shift and become weakened. In subsequent follow-ups the dentist may recommend bridges or dentures or dental implants to fill the gaps.

At Robertson Family Dentistry, we make tooth extractions safe, gentle, and stress-free. Our experienced team ensures your comfort every step of the way and provides clear guidance on what to do—and what to avoid—after your extraction for a smooth recovery. Need expert dental care? Book your appointment with us today for a healthier, pain-free smile.